Even though Python is an interpreted language, you may need to install Windows C++ compilers in some cases. Unlike Linux, compilers for Windows are not included by default in the OS.

For example, you will need to use them if you wish to:

• Install a non-pure Python package from sources with Pip (if there is no Wheel package provided).

• Compile a Cython or Pyrex file.

Microsoft provides official C++ compilers called Visual C++, you can find them bundled with Visual Studio or, for some versions, in standalone distributions. Some alternative compilers exist like MinGW, but incompatibilities may occur with a CPython official distribution that is built with Microsoft Visual C++.

The compiler's architecture must be the same as Python's (for example: if you use Python 64bit, you have to use an x64 compiler).

Which Microsoft Visual C++ compiler to use with a specific Python version ?

Each Python version uses a specific compiler version (e.g. CPython 2.7 uses Visual C++ 9.0, CPython 3.3 uses Visual C++ 10.0, etc). So, you need to install the compiler version that corresponds to your Python version :

Distutils notes

If the package's setup.py (still) uses distutils rather than the recommended setuptools, you may need extra steps:

• distutils only supports the very minimum of compiler setups. The sections in this guide corresponding to them explicitly mention distutils.

• For other setups, you need to run the compilation from the "SDK prompt" of the corresponding toolchain and set the DISTUTILS_USE_SDK environment variable to a non-empty value.

Compilers Installation and configuration

Compatible architectures are specified for each compiler in brackets.

Before do anything, install or upgrade the Setuptools Python package. It contain compatibility improvements and add automatic use of compilers:

pip install --upgrade setuptools

Microsoft Visual C++ 14.2 standalone: Build Tools for Visual Studio 2019 (x86, x64, ARM, ARM64)

This is a standalone version of Visual C++ 14.2 compiler, you don't need to install Visual Studio 2019.

• Install Microsoft Build Tools for Visual Studio 2019.

• In Build tools, install C++ build tools and ensure the latest versions of MSVCv142 - VS 2019 C++ x64/x86 build tools and Windows 10 SDK are checked.

• The setuptools Python package version must be at least 34.4.0.

Build Tools also allows to install any previous Visual C++ 14 version (Including 2015, 2017 ones).

Microsoft Visual C++ 14.2 with Visual Studio 2019 (x86, x64, ARM, ARM64)

Visual Studio 2019 contains Visual C++ 14.2 compiler. The setuptools Python package version must be at least 34.4.0.

Microsoft Visual C++ 14.1 standalone: Build Tools for Visual Studio 2017 (x86, x64, ARM, ARM64)

This is a standalone version of Visual C++ 14.1 compiler, you don't need to install Visual Studio 2017.

• Install Microsoft Build Tools for Visual Studio 2017.

• The setuptools Python package version must be at least 34.4.0.

Build Tools for Visual Studio 2017 was upgraded by Microsoft to Build Tools for Visual Studio 2019. See the previous paragraph to install it.

Microsoft Visual C++ 14.1 with Visual Studio 2017 (x86, x64, ARM, ARM64)

Visual Studio 2017 contains Visual C++ 14.1 compiler. The setuptools Python package version must be at least 34.4.0.

Visual Studio 2017 was upgraded by Microsoft to Visual Studio 2019. See the previous paragraph to install it.

Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 standalone: Visual C++ Build Tools 2015 (x86, x64, ARM)

This is a standalone version of Visual C++ 14.0 compiler, you don't need to install Visual Studio 2015.

• Install Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2015. Check Windows 8.1 SDK and Windows 10 SDK options.

• The setuptools Python package version must be at least 24.0.

Visual C++ Build Tools 2015 was upgraded by Microsoft to Build Tools for Visual Studio 2017. See the previous paragraph to install it.

Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 with Visual Studio 2015 (x86, x64, ARM)

Visual Studio 2015 contains Visual C++ 14.0 compiler. Distutils will automatically detect the compiler and use it.

Visual Studio 2015 was upgraded by Microsoft to Visual Studio 2017. See the previous paragraph to install it.

Microsoft Visual C++ 10.0 standalone: Windows SDK 7.1 (x86, x64, ia64)

This is a standalone version of Visual C++ 10.0 compiler, you don't need to install Visual Studio 2010.

• Uninstall Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable if present (all versions and architectures). If present, it can cause an error on Windows SDK 7.1 installation.

• Install Microsoft .NET Framework 4 if not present.

• Install Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 4. Check Windows headers and libraries, Visual C++ Compilers and Windows Native Code Development\Tools options only.

• Install Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Service Pack 1 Compiler Update for the Windows SDK 7.1. This updates the compiler to Visual C++ 10.0 SP1.

• reinstall Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable (for all previously installed architectures).

• The setuptools Python package version must be at least 24.0.

Microsoft Visual C++ 10.0 with Visual Studio 2010 (x86, x64, ia64)

Visual Studio 2010 contains Visual C++ 10.0 compiler. Distutils will automatically detect the compiler and use it. The Express edition of Visual Studio 2010 only bundles a compiler for x86.

Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 standalone: Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7 (x86, x64)

This is a standalone version of Visual C++ 9.0 compiler, you don't need to install Visual Studio 2008.

• Install Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7.

• The setuptools Python package version must be at least 6.0.

Even though this package's name refers to Python 2.7 specifically, you can use it with all Python versions that use Visual C++ 9.0.

This package always installs its start menu shortcuts for the installing user (i.e. an administrator) only. To get them for all users, run the installation like this: msiexec /i <full path to .msi> ALLUSERS=1.

Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 standalone: Windows SDK 7.0 (x86, x64, ia64)

This is a standalone version of Visual C++ 9.0 compiler, you don't need to install Visual Studio 2008.

The use of Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7 is recommended (If you don't need to compile for ia64). See the previous paragraph to install it.

• Install Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 if not present.

• Install Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 3.5 SP1. Check Windows headers and libraries, Visual C++ Compilers and Win32 Development Tools options only.

• The setuptools Python package version must be at least 24.0.

Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 standalone: Windows SDK 6.1 (x86, x64, ia64)

This is a standalone version of Visual C++ 9.0 compiler, you don't need to install Visual Studio 2008.

Windows SDK 6.1 was upgraded by Microsoft to Windows SDK 7.0. See the previous paragraph to install it.

• Install Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 if not present.

• Install Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows Server 2008 and .NET Framework 3.5. Check Windows headers and libraries, Visual C++ Compilers and Win32 Development Tools options only.

• The setuptools Python package version must be at least 24.0.

Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 with Visual Studio 2008 (x86, x64, ia64)

Visual Studio 2008 contains Visual C++ 9.0 compiler. Distutils will automatically detect the compiler and use it. The Express edition of Visual Studio 2008 only bundles a compiler for x86.

GCC - MinGW-w64 (x86, x64)

MinGW-w64 is an alternative C/C++ compiler that works with all Python versions up to 3.4.

• Install Win-builds into C:\MinGW_w64.

• Open Win-builds, switch to install at least binutils, gcc, gcc-g++, getext, mingw-w64, win-iconv, winpthreads, zlib, and click Process.

• Add C:\MinGW_w64\bin to the PATH environment variable.

• Create a distutils.cfg file with the following contents in the folder \Lib\distutils in Python install directory :

   1 [build]
   2 compiler=mingw32
   3 
   4 [build_ext]
   5 compiler=mingw32

GCC - MinGW (x86)

MinGW is an alternative C/C++ compiler that works with all Python versions up to 3.4.

• Install Minimalist GNU For Windows into C:\MinGW.

• Open MinGW Installation Manager, check mingw32-base and mingw32-gcc-g++, and Apply Changes in the Installation menu.

• Add C:\MinGW\bin to the PATH environment variable.

• Create a distutils.cfg file with the following contents in the folder \Lib\distutils in Python install directory :

   1 [build]
   2 compiler=mingw32
   3 
   4 [build_ext]
   5 compiler=mingw32