PySerial
[http://www.python.org/pypi/pyserial PySerial] is a library which provides support for serial connections over a variety of different devices: old-style serial ports, Bluetooth dongles, infra-red ports, and so on.
Projects using PySerial
[http://rfidiot.org/ RFIDIOt] - an open source python library for exploring RFID devices (see also [http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/449926/30/0/threaded "RFID enabled e-passport skimming proof of concept code released (RFIDIOt)"] and [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/10/31/rfid_e-passport_attack/ "Code highlights e-passport eavesdropping risk"])
[http://www.python.org/pypi/t616hack t616hack] - a distribution providing access to the contacts, phonebook and messages on the Sony Ericsson T610/T616 and compatible mobile telephones
Alternatives
Bluetooth connections can also be handled using the socket module, provided that support for Bluetooth is present in the underlying operating system and has been compiled into the Python distribution being used.