Formatting Cheat Sheet (string.format):

       "{" [field_name] ["!" conversion] [":" format_spec] "}"
          /                  "r"|"s"                   \
         /               (r)epr   (s)tr                 \
arg_name                                                 \
| ("." attribute_name | "[" element_index "]")*           \
|        |                       |                         \
|     identifier         integer | index_string            |
|                                   (quotes                |
[identifier                          not required)         |
 |integer]                                                 |
                                                           |
 _________________________________________________________/ \________
/                                                                    \
      ":"
         [[fill]align][sign][#][0][width][,][.precision][type]
  [default]--> < left    +   |  |  (int)       (int)    b base 2
  [default --> > right  [-]  |  |                       c character
   for         ^ center " "  |  \                       d base 10
   numbers]    =             |   `zero padding          e exponent (e)
                             |                          E exponent (E)
                            use 0b,0o,0x                f fixed point
                             for 2  8 16                F ^^(same)^^
  b base 2     c character                 [default]--> g general (???)
  o base 8     s string                                 G general 2 (?)
  d base 10                                             n number (general 3)
  x base 16                                             o base 8
  X base 16                                             s string
  e, E    exponent                         (lower case) x base 16
  f, F, % fixed point                      (upper case) X base 16
  g, G, n (general numbers)                   (x100, f) % percentage

See Also

• Format String Syntax (Python documentation)

• Format Specification Mini-Language (Python documentation)