For much of the 1990s, the International Python Conference was held annually in the U.S, organized by a professional conference management firm (Foretec, a commercial subsidiary of nonprofit CNRI). The conferences were quite expensive yet reportedly lost money, so eventually Foretec stopped holding the conferences. The IPC conferences have been replaced by the volunteer-run PyCon; the O'Reilly Open Source Conference also has Python-related content. European conferences have formed, notably EuroPython and [[PythonUK]]. = Past conferences = (Only the 6th through 10th were run by CNRI and/or Foretec.) * IPC 11, the 11th International Python Conference, was a track at OSCON 2003, organized by O'Reilly. * [[http://legacy.python.org/workshops/2002-02/|Python10]], the 10th International Python Conference, was held at February 4-7, 2002 in Alexandria, VA. * [[http://web.archive.org/web/20010418224615/http://www.python9.org/|Python9]], the 9th International Python Conference, was held at March 2001 in Long Beach, CA * [[http://legacy.python.org/workshops/2000-01/|Python8]], the 8th International Python Conference, was held at January 2000 in Arlington, VA * [[http://legacy.python.org/workshops/1998-11/|Python7]], the 7th International Python Conference, was held at November 1998 at Houston, TX * [[http://legacy.python.org/workshops/1997-10/|Python6]], the 6th International Python Conference, was held at October 1997 in San Jose, CA * [[http://legacy.python.org/workshops/1996-11/|Python5]], Python Workshop 5, was held in November 1996 colocated with FedUnix in Washington, DC * [[http://legacy.python.org/workshops/1996-06/|Python4]], the Fourth International Python Conference, was held at June 1996 in Livermore, CA All earlier workshops are also found here: http://legacy.python.org/workshops/ See also http://ftp.ntua.gr/mirror/python/workshops/ for a few more links. In 2003 the community started afresh with the PyCon series; the first one was at GW University in Washington, DC in 2003, and these have been held once a year ever since. The Python track at OSCON has continued to use the name and numbering of International Python Conferences. Also, EuroPython started in 2002 in Charleroi, Belgium.