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Editor: JanuszLewandowski
Comment: Update to pydbus and Python 3.
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The [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software_2fdbus D-Bus library] is a messaging library used by the GNOME desktop for interprocess communication. The [[http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/dbus|D-Bus library]] is a messaging library used by various desktop environments (GNOME, KDE, etc) for interprocess communication.
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There's a Python binding for it, but documentation is non-existent so I've collected these examples in hopes that they'll be useful and that people will update them as needed. There are multiple Python bindings for DBus:
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''Warning'': the D-Bus APIs change a lot, breaking code. These examples were run with version 0.60 of the Python interface (0.60-6ubuntu8, on Ubuntu Dapper); they probably won't run on other versions.  * GDbus and QtDbus are wrappers over the C/C++ APIs of GLib and Qt
 * [[https://github.com/LEW21/pydbus|pydbus]] is a modern, pythonic API with the goal of being as invisible a layer between the exported API and its user as possible
 * [[https://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-python/|dbus-python]] is a legacy API, built with a deprecated dbus-glib library, and involving a lot of type-guessing (despite "explicit is better than implicit" and "resist the temptation to guess").
 * [[https://pypi.python.org/pypi/txdbus|txdbus]] is a native Python implementation of the D-Bus protocol for the Twisted networking framework.
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This [http://thaiopensource.org/development/suriyan/wiki/DbusNotes draft tutorial] is the clearest introduction to D-Bus that I've seen. See also: [[https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/DBusBindings/#python|DBusBindings]] on Freedesktop wiki.
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= Introspection = The `dbus-viewer` and `qdbusviewer` programs let you browse through the services and interfaces available on your system.
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= pydbus =
For more information see [[https://github.com/LEW21/pydbus/blob/master/README.rst|pydbus's Readme]].

== Introspection ==
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# You must initialize the gobject/dbus support for threading
# before doing anything.
import gobject
gobject.threads_init()

from dbus import glib
glib.init_threads()

# Create a session bus.
import dbus
bus = dbus.SessionBus()		 from pydbus import SessionBus
bus = SessionBus()
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remote_object = bus.get_object("org.freedesktop.DBus", # Connection name
                            "/org/freedesktop/DBus" # Object's path
                              )		 remote_object = bus.get(
    "org.freedesktop.DBus", # Bus name
    "/org/freedesktop/DBus" # Object path
)
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print remote_object.Introspect() print (remote_object.Introspect()[0])
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Output:
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Output:
{{{Introspection data:		 {{{
Introspection data:
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== Calling an interface method ==
After executing the introspection example:
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= Calling an interface method = {{{
print(remote_object.ListNames()[0])
}}}
Output:
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After executing the introspection example:
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# Get a particular interface
iface = dbus.Interface(remote_object, 'org.freedesktop.DBus')
print iface.ListNames()		 ['org.freedesktop.DBus', 'org.freedesktop.Notifications', 'org.freedesktop.PowerManagement', ':1.8', ':1.9', 'org.kde.kaccess', 'org.kde.kded', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierItem-655-1', 'org.freedesktop.systemd1', 'org.ktorrent.ktorrent', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierItem-656-1', 'org.kde.konversation', 'org.pulseaudio.Server', 'org.kde.KScreen', 'org.kde.krunner', 'org.kde.konsole', ':1.40', 'org.a11y.Bus', ':1.41', ':1.42', ':1.20', ':1.43', 'org.kde.klauncher5', ':1.21', ':1.23', 'org.kde.dolphin-3012', 'org.freedesktop.PowerManagement.Inhibit', 'org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement', ':1.24', ':1.25', ':1.49', 'org.kde.kmix', 'org.kde.screensaver', 'org.kde.KWin', 'org.bluez.obex', ':1.29', 'ca.desrt.dconf', 'org.kde.kgpg', 'org.freedesktop.ScreenSaver', 'org.kde.plasmashell', 'org.kde.plasmanetworkmanagement', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierItem-666-1', 'org.kde.kglobalaccel', 'org.freedesktop.FileManager1', 'org.kde.kwalletd5', 'org.PulseAudio1', 'org.kde.polkit-kde-authentication-agent-1', ':1.93', 'org.kde.kded5', 'org.kde.ActivityManager', 'org.kde.keyboard', 'org.kde.kate-3030', ':1.31', 'org.kde.kuiserver', ':1.32', ':1.55', ':1.33', ':1.11', 'org.kde.kwin.Screenshot', ':1.56', ':1.34', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierWatcher', 'org.kde.JobViewServer', ':1.35', ':1.0', ':1.13', ':1.58', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierHost-616', ':1.14', ':1.59', ':1.15', ':1.38', ':1.16', 'org.kde.ksmserver', ':1.39', ':1.17', ':1.5', 'org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement.PolicyAgent', ':1.18', 'org.kde.klauncher', ':1.6', ':1.19']
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The following example makes your system hibernate:

{{{
# Get the power management object
power = bus.get('org.gnome.PowerManager', '/org/gnome/PowerManager')

# Hibernate the system
if power.CanHibernate():
    power.Hibernate()
}}}

The D-Bus library is a messaging library used by various desktop environments (GNOME, KDE, etc) for interprocess communication.

There are multiple Python bindings for DBus:

  • GDbus and QtDbus are wrappers over the C/C++ APIs of GLib and Qt

  • pydbus is a modern, pythonic API with the goal of being as invisible a layer between the exported API and its user as possible

  • dbus-python is a legacy API, built with a deprecated dbus-glib library, and involving a lot of type-guessing (despite "explicit is better than implicit" and "resist the temptation to guess").

  • txdbus is a native Python implementation of the D-Bus protocol for the Twisted networking framework.

See also: DBusBindings on Freedesktop wiki.

The dbus-viewer and qdbusviewer programs let you browse through the services and interfaces available on your system.

pydbus

For more information see pydbus's Readme.

Introspection

from pydbus import SessionBus
bus = SessionBus()

# Create an object that will proxy for a particular remote object.
remote_object = bus.get(
    "org.freedesktop.DBus", # Bus name
    "/org/freedesktop/DBus" # Object path
)

# Introspection returns an XML document containing information
# about the methods supported by an interface.
print ("Introspection data:\n")
print (remote_object.Introspect()[0])

Output: 

Introspection data:

<!DOCTYPE node PUBLIC "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Object Introspection 1.0//EN"
"http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/introspect.dtd">
<node>
  <interface name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable">
    <method name="Introspect">
      <arg name="data" direction="out" type="s"/>
    </method>
  </interface>
  <interface name="org.freedesktop.DBus">
    <method name="RequestName">
      <arg direction="in" type="s"/>
      <arg direction="in" type="u"/>
      <arg direction="out" type="u"/>
    </method>
 ...

Calling an interface method

After executing the introspection example: 

print(remote_object.ListNames()[0])

Output: 

['org.freedesktop.DBus', 'org.freedesktop.Notifications', 'org.freedesktop.PowerManagement', ':1.8', ':1.9', 'org.kde.kaccess', 'org.kde.kded', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierItem-655-1', 'org.freedesktop.systemd1', 'org.ktorrent.ktorrent', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierItem-656-1', 'org.kde.konversation', 'org.pulseaudio.Server', 'org.kde.KScreen', 'org.kde.krunner', 'org.kde.konsole', ':1.40', 'org.a11y.Bus', ':1.41', ':1.42', ':1.20', ':1.43', 'org.kde.klauncher5', ':1.21', ':1.23', 'org.kde.dolphin-3012', 'org.freedesktop.PowerManagement.Inhibit', 'org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement', ':1.24', ':1.25', ':1.49', 'org.kde.kmix', 'org.kde.screensaver', 'org.kde.KWin', 'org.bluez.obex', ':1.29', 'ca.desrt.dconf', 'org.kde.kgpg', 'org.freedesktop.ScreenSaver', 'org.kde.plasmashell', 'org.kde.plasmanetworkmanagement', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierItem-666-1', 'org.kde.kglobalaccel', 'org.freedesktop.FileManager1', 'org.kde.kwalletd5', 'org.PulseAudio1', 'org.kde.polkit-kde-authentication-agent-1', ':1.93', 'org.kde.kded5', 'org.kde.ActivityManager', 'org.kde.keyboard', 'org.kde.kate-3030', ':1.31', 'org.kde.kuiserver', ':1.32', ':1.55', ':1.33', ':1.11', 'org.kde.kwin.Screenshot', ':1.56', ':1.34', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierWatcher', 'org.kde.JobViewServer', ':1.35', ':1.0', ':1.13', ':1.58', 'org.kde.StatusNotifierHost-616', ':1.14', ':1.59', ':1.15', ':1.38', ':1.16', 'org.kde.ksmserver', ':1.39', ':1.17', ':1.5', 'org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement.PolicyAgent', ':1.18', 'org.kde.klauncher', ':1.6', ':1.19']

The following example makes your system hibernate: 

# Get the power management object
power = bus.get('org.gnome.PowerManager', '/org/gnome/PowerManager')

# Hibernate the system
if power.CanHibernate():
    power.Hibernate()

DbusExamples (last edited 2024-02-19 18:33:59 by Igo95862)

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